Fluid motor



Nov. 3, 1925. y155159,654

J. swENDlG Er Al'.

FLUID MOTOR Filed July 25, 1922 2 Sheets-Shen 1 @www l,1. swENDlG ET AL FLUID KOTOR Filed July 25, 1922 Z'Sheets-Sheat 2 [TTI /J//A f lLU LUJ f LUJ U-U J Patented Nev. a, 1925.

UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN swENDIG 0E HARRISON, AND GEORGE H. LAWRENCE, or 00EUR DAL-ENE,

l IDAHO.v

FLUID MOTOR.

Application led July 25, 1922.` Serial No.v577,313. i.

Our present invention relates to improve- Y ments in fluid motors of the typeutlizing a rotor 1n a casing, and having angular,

V swinging or oscillating vanes or pistons traveling through an annular expansion chamber in the casing.y The angular vanes or pistons, as they revolve with the rotor are rocked or tripped on pivotal points to retracted position as they encounter an abutment provided therefor. The primary object of the j ,invention is the provision of ra compaotly arranged motor of this type which .is adaptedespecially for use on automotive vehicles, `asillustrated in our co-pending application 'for Patent Ser. No. 577,314 filed-July 25, 1922.

The motive fluid, as oil, is or may becompressed` inusual manner and isk pumped or forced into the casing of the rotor for the operation of the motor by circulation ofthe fluid in the expansion chamber of the casing.

Certain features of the motor are improved, as will be hereinafter pointed out, and the invention, consists essentially in novel combinations and arrangements of parts, as hereinafter claimed.

In the accompanying' drawings we have illustrated one complete example of the f physical embodiment of our invention in which the parts are combined and arranged according to one mode we have devised for the practical application of the principles.

of our invention.` y

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional vie-w through the'casing and motive fluid chest of the motor. t

Figure 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view through the motor, shown on a reduced scale; v

Figure 3 is an edge view of the motor as seen in Figure 2 looking at the' motive fluid chest. t

Figure 4 is a view showing the faceplate of the motive fluid chest removed and disclosing the control valves for the motive fluid. v y 4 Figure 5 isan enlarged detail view of a spring pressed pawl or trip for the swinging oroscillating pistons.

Figure -6 is an enlarged transverse sectional view through the abutment on line 6 6 of Figure 1 showing' they relation ofthe locking rack-bars for the abutment. l

Flgure 7 is a sectional view through the central horizontal axis of the motor in Fig. 1.

In the preferred formlof our `invention as illustrated the cylinder or casing includes an intermediate ring 1 having an integral or rigid base or support 2,'and at the'sides of the expansion chamber 3 of the cylinder are Vside 'plates or heads 4 and 5,bolted or otherwise affixed tol the opposite faces ofl the intermediate 'ring 1. 1 f g Each of the side plates is provided*v with anexterior hub, as 6 and 7, located atL the center of the circular plates,alined, and projecting laterally from the plates.v The rotor 8 within the casing of the motor is a circular disk ofless, diameter than the `interior of the intermediate'ring 1, ,and is encased by the two side plates, to form the annular expansion chamber 3 of the cylinder. The rotorv drives the power shaft 9, the parts being keyed together as atlO,y and the shaft which passes transversely throughthe casing is provided with suitable bearings at V11 in the hubs of the two sidey plates. The.

' spective recesses as the rotor revolves or" are free to oscillate or swing in their reof the walloftheintermediate ring and the flat faces of the rotor.

In'Figure 1 piston 13y is lnworkii'i'g 'posifion-*and visv being forced through the annular 'chamber 3 byy pressure of motive fluid at the rear of `the rear vane 15. At approxi- Ymat-'ely the Aen d"o'f'the working stroke the pistons are provided spacedl reversing pawls 17 and 18, shown in dotted lines in Figure 1. Thesepawlsfare arranged m'radial position Iwith respectto the center ofy the rotor Y and are retained in socketsl') in Vorder that their pointed-*heads may 'project into ythe circumferential or Aannular groove 2O fashioned inthe inner face ofY one of the side plates,I a'sp5. By means of aspring 21 beivliin-dthe pawl, A.the-latter is forced `-outwardly with its headin position i'n- 'the groove, and lin the-'path of movement of `a pin 22 pro- Ajee-ted iaterallyfrom eachof the piston heads v43^arid 14.` Thus -asthe rotor` is reversed and moves'fanticlockwise inV Figure 1 the pin 22 of the piston 13 will -enoounterfthe pawl 18 `5vvfhich'vvill-t?e`suflt i-'nfa swinging Ioroscillating'movemfent of the pistonon 'its head as centeri'n'order 'that the piston may Ibe in position to pass the abutment 142 to be `described.

1Motiv'e fluid is supplied to and A'eihausted' vfrom the motor through the motive fluid Aelre's-t23 located at oneside oredge of the easing *o'fthe motor, 'and provided-with an intakepipe 24 and vexhaust pipe 25. These @pipes may-be duplex branch pipes, lthe pipe pressure, and the pipe 25'retu'rning the oil to the `"sump/or intake- 'sldeof 'the -p-ump v'which irculates the oil Aas a motive fluid.

I l/Vith'in the rvinactive iliuid chest yare provided Y-the' intake'chanrber'26 and exhaust or outlet V#chamber I"27 Vthese respective Vchan'ibers communicating with thel Aexpansion 'chamber vC'flintfrollled by-a pair ofslide valves 30 and F31,- thatv-'are reversible 'to reverse the motion iff vthe motor. Y These lvahfes fare llocated ina plane/'transverse to the rotor'a'n-d parallel with the longitudinal axis of the shaft 9, and located in complementary grooves 32 in the outer face of the outer wall of the motive fluid chest, the head or plate 33 of the chest forming one wall of the space or groove 32 for guiding the valves. These slide valves it will be seen are flat metal yplates with perforati-ons or ports 34,134', 35, 35. The port 34 in valve 31 is the intake port for reverse drive, and the port 34 in valve 30 is the intake port for forward drive, while the port 35 in valve 31 is the exhaust portfor forward drive, and the port 35 in valve 30 is the exhaust port when the motor is operating for reverse drive.

rFliese ports i the*valvescosoperate with complementary .ports 36 in the motive fluid chest and govern the movement of ythe motive fluid vor oil to and from the chambers (26"'and 27. Under conditions represented4 as existing in Figure 1, the valves are set asin vFigure 4, vwith theintake throughj port 34 and lexhaust through port vr35. "The valves may be operated from a valve gear lshaft 137 manipulated in ysuitable manner,l fan-d by means of the gear wheel 38 on said' shaft, and a rack lbar l39 coacting therewith, the valves may be moved as desired. VirThe two valves or plates are rigidly 'connectedtogether, as shown 'in Figure 4, 'and their movement is of course synchronous. i

To vclose the expansion chambe-rfagainst back'pressure any abutment k40 is utilized, and located in its chamber'41 lin the ymotive fluid chest between the chambers 26 and 27 of the chest. The aib'i'itm'entis preferably a :hol-low' block, rectangular in cross section and 'fashioned with a wedge shaped orV- shaped head 42 'that is adapted to project transversely across the annular chamber 3 Land close Commufi'iica-tion'between thev portions Iof the chamber at 'thefsi'des 'of the aibutment or its V-shaped head. The abutment is reciprocable on vits longitudinal aX-is in the 'socket-'41, and 'is provided with a stem 43, which moves bodily with the abutment `as it reciprocates, but Viii-addition is 'adapted to lrotate with relation AtoV the abutment.

The stem is supported ascre'wp'lu'g 44 threaded into the body rof thea-butment and also has a bearing inthe perforated flanges y44 atthe 'rearfof the socket 41 for 'the abutment. VBy means lof the lspring r45 coiled about thestemend secured theretoV and bearing 'against the Kperforatedflange 44 fthe'abutm'ent, through its stem, v'is urged to projected position with itshead in="'the expansion chamber 3. And for r`holding Athe head in positionto close lthe' chamber a coiled lspring 46 is wrapped around the stem with one end secured to the-stem and its other 4lend 'secu-redfin the nonerota-table abutment body. Gn the end of the stem and ywithin the' hollow abutment -body is secured a rack wheel 47,

of rack bars 48 and 49 co-aot. 'These bars.

are slidable inv grooves 50 in lthe body of the abutment, the lines tangential to thel rack wheel on the stem, and the bars are; ada-ptedto :be slid up or down, as the case may be,.by Contact from the wings or vanes of the pistons, depen-ding on the action of the motor.

The piston 14 in Figure 1, when the motor v is in operation is carried in its circular path by the rotor, with the forward vane turned into the rotor against the fiat face 12. The rear vane, which is in projected position as it approaches the abutment, rides down upon the wedge shaped head of the abutment and is automatically oscillated as it passes the abutment. If the motor should be reversed while in operation uponthe approach of the piston (in position at the left in Fig. 1) toward the abutment 42 the tip edge of the piston wing will contact with the outer end of one of the locking rack bars, as 49, and push said bar before it. The bar slides in its slot 50 and by its action on the rack wheel 47 turns the stem 43 against the tension of spring 46, as the projecting end of the lock bar is withdrawn within the hollowl body of the abutment. As the lock bar is thus disengaged from the wall of the expansion chamber, the abutment is free to move to the right in Figure 1, under pressure from the passing vane of the piston as the former rides down upon the wedge shaped head of the abutment. After passage of the piston, the spring 45, which hasfbeen compressed by the movement of the abutment, expands and forces the stem and abutment again to projected position, and at the same time the coiled spring 46 revolves or rotates the stem. The rotation of the stem causes the pro-jection of the two locking rack bars which engage the inner wall of the expansion chamber as in Figure l, holding the abutment 1n locked position against the periphery of the rotor, for closing the expansion chamber against back pressure of the motive Huid or oil. Pins 17 and 18 do not function while the motor in being driven in forward or clockwise direction, and the pin 22 merely rides over these pins without altering the position of the pistons. If the movement of the motive fluid is reversed and the movement of the rotor thereby reversed these pins 17 or 18 in co-action with the pin 22 reverse the position of the piston, or pistons. Should the reversal of the circulation of the fluid occur with the pistons at intermediate positions with relation to the position shown in Fig. l, the pressure of the fluid is suflcient to properlyposition the pistons for the reversed movement of the motor.

Assuming that the motor is attached to the rear axle of an automotive vehicle and with which a pair` grooves being located onl that itv isl driving the vehicle up a grade., If the .power yis suddenly ,shut off or the engine stalls, unless the brakes are quickly applied a back-,up motion. will result., The pistonswould be so positioned thatl in'- order ,torpassthe abutmentfthey must be turned by the Contact j of pins -as described, or contact with thev rack bar for retracting the abutment. If in reverse direction the piston members will thus be moved to operative position by the pins. Under ordinary circumstances, when the fluid valves are set toV drive the motor the fluid pressure will properly .position -the pistons. Whenever the movement of ymotive Huid is changed at the time a piston is passing a port, the safety elements 17 and 18 perform their functions to prevent destruction of parts.

Having thus fully described .our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is y 1. The combination in a fiuid motor with its casing and rotor and admission and eX- haust ports for said casing, of an oscillatable piston carried by said rotor having opposed spreading-vane-s, a. normally fixed abutment inthe path of movement of said vanes and adapted to oscillate said piston. and locking means on said abutment adapted to'be released by contact from a piston vane whereby when the motor is reversed said abutment is withdrawn from normal position.

its rotorand an oscillatable piston carried thereby having opposed spreading vanes, of

a normally fixed, movable abutment having whereby when the motor is reversed said y' abutment 1s withdrawn from normal position.

3. The combination with a rotor and its oscillatable piston, of a reciprocable, spring pressed normally fixed abutment having a head in the path of movement of said piston, a spring operated, rotatable stem in the abutment, a rack wheel on said-stem and a locking rack bar in the abutment engaging said wheel, saidlociring bar being in the path of movement of said piston whereby when the mo-tor is reversed said abutment 1s withdrawn from normal position.

4. The combination in a. fluid motor with a rotor and its oscillatable piston, of a springl pressed reciprocable abutment, means 'carried by said abutment for holding it locked projected position, and said means 1n the path of movement of said piston for conthe rotor continues to revolve 2. The combination in a Huid motor with 

